Types of Kufr (Disbelief) |
Imaam ibn Katheer rahimahullaah |
Adapted from 'Tafseer ibn Katheer' |
The following information was excerpted
from the appendices to the English translation of TAFSEER IBN KATHEER.
The Qur'aan uses the word Kufr to denote
people who cover up or hide realities. The Qur'aan uses this word to identify
those who denied Allaah's favors by not accepting His Dominion and Authority.
Kufr thus is an antonym for Iman or disbelief in Allaah and a Kaafir is a
non-believer. This type of Kufr is called AL-KUFR UL AKBAR or major kufr. There
are many types of Al-Kufr ul Akbar:
1. Kufrul-'Inaad: Disbelief out of
stubborness. This applies to someone who knows the truth and admits to knowing
the truth and admits to knowing it with his tongue, but refuses to accept it
and refrains from making a declaration. Allaah subhanahu wa ta'ala says: Throw into Hell every stubborn disbeliever
[Soorah Qaaf (50), Ayah 24]
2. Kufrul-Inkaar: Disbelief out of denial.
This applies to someone who denies with both heart and tongue. Allaah subhanahu
wa ta'ala says: They recognize the favors of
Allaah, yet they deny them. Most of them are disbelievers. [Soorah
Nahl (16), Ayah 83]
3. Kufrul-Kibr: Disbelief out of arrogance
and pride. The disbelief by the devils (Iblees) is an example of this type of
Kufr.
4. Kufrul-Juhood: Disbelief out of
rejection.This applies to someone who aknowledges the truth in his heart, but
rejects it with his tongue. This types of kufr is applicable to those who calls
themselves Muslims but who reject any necessary and accepted norms of Islam
such as Salaat and Zakat. Allaah subhanahu wa ta'ala says: They denied them (OUR SIGNS) even though their hearts
believed in them , out of spite and arrogance. [Soorah Naml (27),
Ayah 14]
5. Kufrul-Nifaaq: Disbelief out of
hypocrisy.This applies to someone who pretends to be a believer but conceals
his disbelief. Such a person is called a MUNAFIQ or hypocrite. Allaah subhanahu
wa ta'ala says: Verily the hypocrites will be in
the lowest depths of Hell. You will find no one to help them.
[Soorah An Nisaa (4), Ayah 145]
6. Kufrul-Istihaal: Disbelief out of
trying to make HARAM into HALAL. This applies to someone who accepts as lawful
(Halal) that which Allaah has made unlawful (Haram) like alcohol or
adultery.Only Allaah subhanahu wa ta'ala has the prerogative to make things
Halal and Haram and those who seek to interfere with His right are like rivals
to Him and therefore fall outside the boundries of faith.
7. Kufrul-Kurh: Disbelief out of detesting
any of Allaah's subhanahu wa ta'ala commands. Allaah subhanahu wa ta'ala says: Perdition (destruction) has been consigned to those who
disbelieve and He will render their actions void. This is because they are
averse to that which Allaah has revealed so He has made their actions fruitless.
[Soorah Muhammed (47), Ayah 8-9]
8. Kufrul-Istihzaha: Disbelief due to
mockery and derision. Allaah subhanahu wa ta'ala says: Say: Was it at Allaah, His signs and His apostles that
you were mocking? Make no excuses. You have disbelieved after you have
believed. [Soorah Taubah (9), ayah 65-66]
9. Kufrul-I'raadh: Disbelief due to
avoidance. This applies to those who turn away and avoid the truth. Allaah
subhanahu wa ta'ala says: And who is more unjust
than he who is reminded of his Lord's signs but then turns away from them. Then
he forgets what he has sent forward (for the Day of Judgement)
[Soorah Kahf (18), Ayah 57]
10. Kufrul-Istibdaal: Disbelief because of
trying to substitute Allaah's Laws. This could take the form of:
(a) Rejection of Allaah's law (Sharee'ah) without denying it
(b) Denial of Allaah's law and therefore rejecting it, or
(c) Substituting Allaah's laws with man-made laws. Allaah subhanahu wa
ta'ala says: Or have they partners with Allaah
who have instituted for them a religion which Allaah has not allowed.
[Soorah Shuraa(42), Ayah 8] Allaah subhanahu wa ta'ala says: Say not concerning that which your tongues put forth
falsely (that) is lawful and this is forbidden so as to invent a lie against
Allaah. Verily, those who invent a lie against Allaah will never prosper.
[Soorah Nahl (16), Ayah 116]